In 2015 bezocht ik voor het eerst van mijn leven een oerbos. Het oudste bos van Europa is Bialowieża. Een Nationaal Park in Polen en Unesco Natuurerfgoed.
Geweldig, en je bent er zo. Twee uurtjes vliegen, een paar uur rijden en hup je staat midden tussen eeuwenoude zomereiken, winterlindes, haagbeuken en fijnsparren. Zowel dood en levend, want een echt oerbos bestaat vooral ook uit dood hout. En dus spechten in overvloed. Wel negen soorten.
Maar er zijn spanningen rond het oerbos, want de Poolse regering wil het hout gaan kappen. Dit vanwege de zogenaamde letterzetter, een nietig kevertje, dat massaal de fijnsparren doodt. Gevaarlijk voor wandelaars, zo meent het Poolse Staatsbosbeheer. En het hout brengt geld op.
Een echt bos heeft een enorme veerkracht. Fijnsparren en letterzetters horen al duizenden jaren bij elkaar en de fijnspar groeit er nog steeds. Kennelijk weet de fijnspar zich telkens te herstellen.
Heeft Polen de fijnsparren, wij hebben de essen die massaal sterven. Volgens een persbericht van ons eigen Staatsbosbeheer gaat 90% van de essen binnenkort dood. Sterker nog: de es verdwijnt geheel uit Nederland. Ingrijpen moet. Staatsbosbeheer gaat op grote schaal kappen om wandelaars te behoeden voor omvallende bomen.
Ik denk niet dat het zo’n vaart loopt. Ik ben optimistischer over de toekomst van de es. Ik zie namelijk nu al zaailingen van de es opgroeien die niet worden aangetast. Een bos is veerkrachtig, zo weet ik uit Polen.
En mijn advies: kap zo min mogelijk en laat alles lekker liggen. Krijgen we misschien hier ook een oerbos.
(Foto: Jacek Karczmarz)
Wij mensen leren niet van alle ingrepen die wij doen in de natuur. Er zijn er ontelbare die fout zijn gegaan. Vertel me een ingreep die zinnig is geweest voor de natuur. Die zijn zeldzaam. Ja het terugbrengen van de wolf in het Yellow Stone Park.
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